Genetic disorders are diseases that can be passed from parents to
children. Some disorders may be inherited if only one parent has the gene,
while others can be inherited only if both parents have the gene.
If one or both parents have a defective gene or have a genetic
disorder, the risk of passing the disorder on to a child is the same with each
pregnancy. Having one healthy or one affected child doesn't change the odds
that future children will or will not be affected.
If the baby's mother or father or anyone in either of their
families has a genetic disorder, genetic counseling may help the family decide
what type of prenatal testing they want.
Genetic disorders that may be inherited include:
- Cystic fibrosis.
- Sickle cell
disease.
- Tay-Sachs
disease.
- Thalassemia.
- Hemophilia.
- Duchenne
muscular dystrophy.
- Huntington's disease.
- Polycystic
kidney disease.
A small number of disorders occur because of a mistake in a single
gene (new mutation), such as a change in a gene of one of the parents' egg or
sperm cells, or because of a change in a gene of the fetus.
