Temporomandibular (TM) disorder is a condition in which a person
feels pain and discomfort in the muscles and joints that connect the lower
jawbone (mandible) to the skull. These flexible muscles and joints are felt
right in front of the ears and are needed to talk, chew, swallow, and
yawn.
The most common cause of TM disorder is tension in the muscles that
control the jaw, such as from clenching the jaw or grinding the teeth. TM
disorder can also result from a joint problem present at birth, injury, or
arthritis.
Common symptoms of TM disorder include:
- Pain on one or both sides of the jaw when
opening the mouth, chewing, or
yawning.
- Headaches.
- Painful clicking, popping, or
grating sensations when opening the jaw.
- An inability to open the
jaw wide.
- Locking of the jaw in an open or closed position.
Treatment for TM disorder may include rest, the use of
anti-inflammatory drugs, and physical therapy. In some cases, splints or bite
blocks might be used for a short period of time. Surgery or dental work are
rarely necessary.
