Thalassemia is a group of inherited blood disorders that interfere
with the body's normal production of hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is a substance that
red blood cells need in order to carry oxygen to body tissues.
Thalassemia is inherited, passed on through genes from parent to
child. Most people who inherit thalassemia are of Asian, Filipino,
Mediterranean, Middle Eastern, or, less frequently, African descent.
Symptoms of the disease vary. Some people have no symptoms or very
mild symptoms, in which case they may not need treatment. Others develop
symptoms of anemia, such as weakness, fatigue, lightheadedness, and pale
skin.
People who have moderate to severe symptoms of anemia may require
treatment with folic acid supplements and occasional blood transfusions. People
who have the most severe symptoms of anemia usually require regular blood
transfusions, medication, and folic acid supplements. Very rare forms of
thalassemia may cause organ damage that can result in death.
