Postthrombotic syndrome (also called postphlebitic syndrome) is a
complication of a blood clot that forms in a deep vein. Postthrombotic syndrome
occurs because of damage to the vein caused by the blood clot
(thrombosis).
Veins have valves that prevent blood from flowing the wrong way.
These valves keep blood flowing toward the heart. Blood clots can damage the
veins and valves, preventing blood from flowing back to the heart properly. As
a result, blood collects in the area normally drained by the vein. The pressure
from the buildup of blood causes small blood vessels (capillaries) to burst and
bleed slightly.
The symptoms of postthrombotic syndrome include:
- Brownish discoloration of the
skin.
- Itching, swelling, slow-healing sores, and pain in the
area.
- Fragile skin on the area that bruises easily. The skin may be
dry and may peel.
Postthrombotic syndrome can increase the risk for forming
additional blood clots in the affected area. Postthrombotic syndrome occurs in
about a third of people who had deep leg vein thrombosis that caused symptoms.
It can also occur in other areas with deep vein clots, such as in an
arm.
Medicines called thrombolytics may be used to dissolve large blood
clots and prevent postthrombotic syndrome. Specially fitted stockings
(compression stockings) may be used for prevention and treatment of
postthrombotic syndrome.
