Salivary Gland Scan

Test Overview

A salivary gland scan uses a special camera and a tracer (radioactive chemical) to take pictures of the salivary glands . This can help your doctor find the cause of dry mouth (xerostomia) or swelling in the salivary glands.

During a salivary gland scan, the tracer liquid is put into a vein (IV) in your arm. The tracer moves through your blood and into the salivary glands. A special camera takes pictures to show how much tracer stays in the salivary glands.

Why It Is Done

A salivary gland scan is done to:

• Find the cause of swelling in the major salivary glands. Swelling may be caused by an infection (abscess), inflammation, or a pocket of fluid (cyst).
• See if a growth in the parotid gland is a benign Warthin's tumor or if it may be cancer.
• Find the cause of dry mouth (xerostomia). Several problems can cause dry mouth, such as a blocked salivary duct, a growth in a salivary gland, or Sjögren's syndrome.

How To Prepare

Before the salivary gland scan, tell your health professional if you:

• Are or might be pregnant.
• Are breast-feeding. You will need to use formula for 1 to 2 days after the scan so you won't pass the tracer to your baby. You should throw out any breast milk you collect during this time.
• Have had other nuclear scans recently. If so, the salivary gland scan may need to be delayed.

Talk to your doctor about any concerns you have regarding the need for the test, its risks, how it will be done, or what the results may mean. To help you understand the importance of this test, fill out the medical test information form (What is a PDF document?) .

How It Is Done

A salivary gland scan is usually done by a nuclear medicine technologist. The pictures are usually interpreted by a radiologist or nuclear medicine specialist.

Take off any jewelry that may get in the way of the scan.

During a salivary gland scan, you will sit with the camera placed at your neck. A small amount of the tracer is put in your vein (IV).

The camera will scan for radiation released by the tracer. The pictures are taken every few minutes during the scan. You need to stay very still during the scan so the pictures are not blurry.

You may be asked to suck on a lemon after the first pictures are taken. This causes your salivary glands to release more saliva. Then more pictures are taken.

A salivary gland scan takes about 1 hour.

How It Feels

You may not feel pain from the IV needle or you may feel a quick sting or pinch. A salivary gland scan usually does not cause pain.

You may find it hard to lie still during the scan.

Risks

There is a slight chance of damage to cells or tissue from radiation, including the low levels of radiation used for this test. But the chance of damage from the X-rays is usually very low compared with the benefits of the test.

Allergic reactions to the tracer are very rare.

In some cases, soreness or swelling may develop at the IV site. Apply a moist, warm compress to your arm to relieve these symptoms.

Results

A salivary gland scan uses a special camera and a tracer (radioactive chemical) to take pictures of the salivary glands .

The results of a salivary gland scan are usually available within 2 days.

What Affects the Test

Reasons you may not be able to have the test or why the results may not be helpful include:

• Pregnancy. A salivary gland scan is not usually done during pregnancy because the radiation could harm the baby.
• The inability to stay still during the test.

What To Think About

• In North America, a salivary gland scan is rarely done. Most often, a CT scan or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is done to look at the salivary glands. An ultrasound scan also may be done to look at the salivary glands. But a salivary scan is the only test that can see how well the salivary glands are working.
• Although a salivary gland scan may be done to evaluate dry mouth caused by Sjögren's syndrome, it usually is not used to diagnose this disease. But a salivary gland scan may be used to diagnose Sjögren's syndrome in a person who has rheumatoid arthritis.

References

Other Works Consulted

• Fischbach FT, Dunning MB III, eds. (2004). Manual of Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests, 7th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.

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