Toxic megacolon and inflammatory bowel disease

Toxic megacolon occurs when the colon swells to many times its normal size. It is most commonly caused by severe inflammation and ulceration from ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease, which weaken muscles in the colon.

Over time, holes (perforations) may develop in the colon, and stool may spill into the abdominal cavity, causing a serious infection.

Toxic megacolon is an emergency situation requiring immediate medical and surgical treatment. If it is not treated, death may occur.

Author:	Marianne Flagg	Last Updated June 28, 2005
Medical Review:	Patrice Burgess, MD - Family Medicine Arvydas D. Vanagunas, MD - Gastroenterology
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