Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is a technique
used in the treatment of
post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This type of
therapy has several stages, including eye movement exercises or the use of
tapping or repeated tones. It includes elements of cognitive-behavioral
therapy, which focuses on changing certain thinking and behavior patterns, and
elements of exposure therapy, in which you confront a feared object or
situation in a controlled environment.
During EMDR treatment, you identify memories and images associated
with the traumatic event and how you respond physically and emotionally when
you think about them. EMDR helps replace negative, traumatic reactions to your
memories with more positive ones.
Exactly why, or how well, the eye movement (or tapping or tones)
part of EMDR works is still being studied. Several theories exist. Experts know
that people easily accept normal memories and events but may run into ongoing
problems and a distortion of reality when processing memories of a traumatic
experience. Some experts believe that eye movements, tapping, or tones activate
a self-healing mechanism that helps make traumatic memories more normal. The
distraction caused by eye movements, tapping, or tones seems to make it easier
to confront and process troublesome thoughts and memories.
EMDR does not eliminate reasonable fears nor does it eliminate all
memory. It seems to reduce the amount of emotional and physical distress caused
by a traumatic memory or by a feared object or situation.
During the use of eye movements in EMDR:
The therapist moves his or her hand back and
forth about 1 ft (32 cm) away
from your face.
You watch the therapist's moving hand while
thinking about or discussing the traumatic event, feared object or situation,
or other cause of emotional distress.
After several sessions, the
emotional and physical distress are expected to be reduced.
If your health professional suggests that you try EMDR, ask to talk
with someone who has had the treatment or ask to read information about it. If
you choose to have the treatment, talk with your health professional about your
experiences during therapy. You can always choose to stop using this form of
therapy if you do not think it is helping you.
There are no known side effects of this treatment.
This information is not intended to replace the advice of a doctor. Healthwise disclaims any liability for the decisions you make based on this information. For more information, click here.
